“on average for every MB read there are 47 MBs written, and for every read operation there are 174 writes”

Microsoft says the research phase is finished and only the laser stands between glass storage and a product. Rosenthal has tracked this field for two decades and aims at the market instead of the physics. Archival media shipped 4 percent of hard disk bytes in 2021 and collected 1.8 percent of the revenue. Tape sits at $0.003 per GB and already works. Data that survives 10,000 years answers a question almost nobody is willing to fund.