“To date, only about 10% of space heating requirements around the world are met by heat pumps.”
A heat pump with a COP of 3 turns 1 kWh of electricity into 3 kWh of heat. The idea is about 200 years old. In Drammen, Norway, a fjord-fed ammonia system supplies 85% of the hot water that heats the city’s buildings. The rest of the world stuck with gas because it stayed cheap for decades, and nobody wanted to pay more up front for a machine that beats it.